Definitions
HARMONIC: (Mathematical) Having relations or properties bearing some resemblance to those of musical consonances - said of certain numbers, ratios, proportions, points, lines, motions and the like.

HARMONIC TRIAD: The chord of a note with its third and fifth. The common chord.
OVERTONES or PARTIALS: Are in relation to the fundamental in the ratios of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.
RESULTANT TONES: Produced by simultaneously
SUMMATION TONES: sounding two or more primary
DIFFERENCE TONES: tones, which may be simple or
COMBINATION TONES: composite.
TARTINIS TONES
DIATONIC SCALE: The scale of eight tones, the eighth being the octave of the first. Other scales are major scale and minor scale, which are also classed as diatonic.
CHROMATIC SCALE: Consists of semitones, otherwise in diatonic progression.

The Greeks recognized three scales, the Diatonic, Chromatic and Enharmonic, consisting of quarter tones and major thirds, and these are regarded as most accurate.