"Edmund Taylor Whittaker writes “All space, according to the young [John] Bernoulli, is permeated by a fluid aether, containing an immense number of excessively small whirlpools. The elasticity which the aether appears to possess, and in virtue of which it is able to transmit vibrations, is really due to the presence of these whirlpools; for, owing to centrifugal force, each whirlpool is continually striving to dilate, and so presses against the neighbouring whirlpools.”
Bernoulli's aether theory would appear to be the starting point in Maxwell's 1861 paper ‘On Physical Lines of Force’. The important thing to note is that the aether alone is not sufficient to explain electromagnetism. We need a sea of aether whirlpools. Maxwell expanded upon Bernoulli's sea of whirlpools and he pointed out in part II of this paper, that no such arrangement could be possible unless there were idle wheels between the vortices. Maxwell linked these idle wheels with the particles of electric. current. Hence Maxwell’s sea of whirlpools became a sea of electric particles. Lord Kelvin says “My suggestion is that the Aepinus' fluid consists of exceedingly minute equal and similar atoms, which I call electrions, much smaller than the atoms of ponderable matter; and that they permeate freely through the spaces occupied by these greater atoms and also freely through space not occupied by them.”
See Also
aether
Ether
Ether - Keely
Ether - Ampere
Ether - Barton
Ether - Black
Ether - Bloomfield-Moore
Ether - Cayce
Ether of Space
Etheric Vacuum
What the Ether is