Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (German: 29 September 1881 – 10 October 1973) was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.
Mises emigrated from Austria to the United States in 1940. Since the mid-20th century, libertarian movements have been strongly influenced by Mises's writings. Mises' student Friedrich Hayek viewed Mises as one of the major figures in the revival of classical liberalism in the post-war era. Hayek's work "The Transmission of the Ideals of Freedom" (1951) pays high tribute to the influence of Mises in the 20th century libertarian movement.
Mises's Private Seminar was a leading group of economists. Many of its alumni, including Hayek and Oskar Morgenstern, emigrated from Austria to the United States and Great Britain. Mises has been described as having approximately seventy close students in Austria. Wikipedia, Ludwig von Mises
Ignorance is a mental state lacking full knowledge or awareness. One can be intelligent yet lack awareness on any given topic. Ignorance can be cured by study with an open mind. A closed or made-up mind, then, preserves ignorance. Belief systems, composed of beliefs, opinions, dogma and doctrine, are all fixed knowledge and not open to more awareness and expanded knowledge.
Examples of locked-in Belief Systems are religion, political correctness, traditions, habits, dogmatic (peer reviewed) science, political party platforms, 'modern' school curricula, political correctness, unquestioning obedience to unelected authority, rigid rules and regulations, job descriptions, rule sets, etc.
Not to be confused with stupid which is a lack of intelligence or ability to be made aware.
"Men are fighting... because they are convinced that the extermination of adversaries is the only means of promoting their own well-being." [Ludwig von Mises]